Markdown cell in jupyter notebook is most useful for writing mathematics notations, equations with the help of 'language' called 'Latex' (Pronounced 'lay-tek'.
LaTeX is a typesetting language for producing scientific documents. We introduce a very small part of the language for writing mathematical notation. Jupyter notebook recognizes LaTeX code written in markdown cells and renders the symbols in the browser using the MathJax JavaScript library
Syntax for writing mathematical notation
Enclose LaTeX code in dollar signs $ . . . $ to display math inline.
Double dollar signs $$ . . . $$ to display math inline in centre
Example 1:
$\int_a^b f(x) = F(b) - F(a)$Example 2:
Enclose LaTeX code in double dollar signs $$ ... $$ to display expressions in a centered paragraph.
$$f'(a) = \lim_{x \to a} \frac{f(x) - f(a)}{x-a}$$
For example, the code
\begin{align}
\dot{x} & = \sigma(y-x) \\
\dot{y} & = \rho x - y - xz \\
\dot{z} & = -\beta z + xy
\end{align}
Below are list of commonly used mathematical symbols.
For more details click here