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Overview of Enterprise Applications.
Enterprise Applications is used to satisfy the needs of an organization rather than individual users. Such organizations include businesses, schools, interest-based user groups, clubs, charities, and governments.
The Java EE platform is designed to help developers create large-scale, multi-tiered, scalable, reliable, and secure network applications. A shorthand name for such applications is “enterprise applications,” so called because these applications are designed to solve the problems encountered by large enterprises.
The Java EE platform is designed to reduce the complexity of enterprise application development by providing a development model, API, and runtime environment that allows developers to concentrate on functionality.
The following Java EE technologies are used in the web tier in Java EE applications.
Servlets: Java programming language classes that dynamically process requests and construct responses, usually for HTML pages.
JavaServer Faces technology: A user-interface component framework for web applications that allows you to include UI components (such as fields and buttons) on a page, convert and validate UI component data, save UI component data to server-side data stores, and maintain component state.
JavaServer Faces Facelets technology: Facelets applications are a type of JavaServer Faces applications that use XHTML pages rather than JSP pages.
Expression Language: A set of standard tags used in JSP and Facelets pages to refer to Java EE components.
JavaServer Pages (JSP): Text-based documents that are compiled into servlets and define how dynamic content can be added to static pages, such as HTML pages.
JavaServer Pages Standard Tag Library: A tag library that encapsulates core functionality common to JSP pages
JavaBeans Components: Objects that act as temporary data stores for the pages of an application.
Business Tier Java EE Technologies
Enterprise JavaBeans (enterprise bean) components: Enterprise beans are managed components that encapsulate the core functionality of an application.
JAX-RS RESTful web services: An API for creating web services that respond to HTTP methods (for example GET or POST methods). JAX-RS web services are developed according to the principles of REST, or representational state transfer.
JAX-WS web service endpoints: An API for creating and consuming SOAP web services.
Java Persistence API entities: An API for accessing data in underlying data stores and mapping that data to Java programming language objects.
Java EE managed beans: Managed components that may provide the business logic of an application, but do not require the transactional or security features of enterprise beans.
EIS Tier Java EE Technologies
The Java Database Connectivity API (JDBC): A low-level API for accessing and retrieving data from underlying data stores. A common use of JDBC is to make SQL queries on a particular database.
The Java Persistence API: An API for accessing data in underlying data stores and mapping that data to Java programming language objects. The Java Persistence API is a much higher-level API than JDBC, and hides the complexity of JDBC from the user.
The Java EE Connector Architecture: An API for connecting to other enterprise resources, like enterprise resource planning or customer management system software.
The Java Transaction API (JTA):An API for defining and managing transactions, including distributed transactions or transactions that cross multiple underlying data sources.
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